SportLogia
Vol. 18, Issue 1, december 2022.

 

THE RELATIONSHIP OF BODY MASS INDEX AND MOTOR ABILITIES OF EIGHT GRADE STUDENTS


Ivana Martinčević1, Nera Žigić2, Igor Mraz3 & Nikola Sedlar4
1University of Zagreb, Faculty of Textile Technology; Zagreb, Croatia
2University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; Zagreb, Croatia
3Public hospital ,,Tomislav Bardek“, Koprivnica, Croatia
4Elementary School Varaždin, Varaždin, Croatia


Original scientific article
doi: 10.5550/sgia.221801.en.mzms
Udc: 613.2:796.012.1-053.5

 

Abstract

The aim of this research was to examine the connection of body mass index of eighth grade students and their results in motor abilities test, with the purpose of gaining insight in which tests is that connection more or less expressed, or there isn’t any. The sample of subjects consisted of 66 male and 64 female students from four elementary schools from the Varaždin city area, who attended eighth grade in the school year of 2018/2019 For data analysis, the results of the final testing of motor abilities were used. The sample of variables consisted of six motor tests and two anthropometrical measures, student’s age and their body mass index. For all 10 variables the basic descriptive parameters were calculated (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum), both for female and male students. Further data processing was done by linear regression analysis – 6 x regression analysis for each motor ability. The results of the regression analysis in male students showed statistically significant connection of body mass index and four variables (standing long jump, shuttle run with carrying objects, sit and reach and pull-up hold), while in female students the connection was significant only in two variables (standing long jump and pull-up hold). Overweight and obesity of children and adolescents is a growing phenomenon all over the world. Motor abilities are an important indicator of physical activity and one of the possible indicators of the level of fitness. Overweight and obesity, as well as underweight, negatively influence the condition and development of motor abilities, and the role of Physical education classes are of great importance in prevention and promotion of healthy living habits of students.


Key words: exercise, body weight, activity

.FULL TEXT (.pdf)


References

Adab, P., Pallan, M., Whincup, P. H. (2018). Is BMI the best measure of obesity?. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 360, k1274. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k1274
PMid:29599212
Al-Shenqiti, A. M., Emara, H. A., Algarni, F. S., Khaled, O. A. (2021). Isokinetic trunk muscle performance in adolescents with different body mass indices. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 16(4), 550–557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.03.008
PMid:34408612 PMCid:PMC8348571
Arora, A.K., D’souza, S., Yardi, S.S. (2016). Association between Body Mass Index and Hamstring/Back Flexibility in Adolescent Subjects. IJSR. 5(7), 96-99. https://www.ijsr.net/archive/v5i7/NOV164702.pdf  
Cali, A.M.G., Caprio, S. (2008). Obesity in Children and Adolescents, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 93, Issue 11_supplement_1, 1 November 2008, Pages s31–s36. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-1363
PMid:18987268 PMCid:PMC2585761
Cheng, J., East, P., Blanco, E., Sim, E. K., Castillo, M., Lozoff, B., Gahagan, S. (2016). Obesity leads to declines in motor skills across childhood. Child: care, health and development42(3), 343–350. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12336
PMid:27059409 PMCid:PMC4841726
De Leonibus, C., Marcovecchio, M. L., Chiarelli, F. (2012). Update on statural growth and pubertal development in obese children. Pediatric reports4(4), e35. https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2012.e35
PMid:23355935 PMCid:PMC3555205
Findak, V. , Prskalo I. (2004). Kineziološki leksikon za učitelje. Petrinja: Visoka učiteljska škola.
Fiori, F., Bravo, G., Parpinel, M., Messina, G., Malavolta, R., Lazzer, S. (2020). Relationship between body mass index and physical fitness in Italian prepubertal schoolchildren. PloS one15(5), e0233362. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233362
PMid:32442183 PMCid:PMC7244112
Gísladóttir, T., Haga, M., Sigmundsson, H. (2019). Motor Competence in Adolescents: Exploring Association with Physical Fitness. Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 7(7), 176. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7070176 
PMid:31330808 PMCid:PMC6681283
Gite, A. A., Mukkamala, N., Parmar, L. (2021). Relationship between Body Mass Index and Flexibility in Young Adults. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International33 (32A), 119-126. https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i32a31723
Greier, K., Drenowatz, C. (2018). Bidirectional association between weight status and motor skills in adolescents : A 4-year longitudinal study. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift130(9-10), 314–320.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-017-1311-y
PMid:29362883
Childhood Obesity: Causes, Consequences, and Management. Pediatric clinics of North America62(4), 821–840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2015.04.001
PMid:26210619
Huotari, P., Heikinaro-Johansson, P., Watt, A., Jaakkola, T. (2018). Fundamental movement skills in adolescents: Secular trends from 2003 to 2010 and associations with physical activity and BMI. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports28(3), 1121–1129. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13028 PMid:29197119
Ignasiak, Z., Slawińska, T., Domaradzki, J. (2002). The influence of social-economical factors on the morphofunctional growth of children considering the urbanisation factor aspect. Acta Universitatis Palackianae Olomucensis. Gymnica, 32(2). https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.385.6282&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Jurko, D., Čular, D., Badric, M., Sporis, G. (2015). Osnove kineziologije- Basics of kinesiology. Zagreb: Sportska knjiga.
Kansra, A. R., Lakkunarajah, S., Jay, M. S. (2021). Childhood and Adolescent Obesity: A Review. Frontiers in pediatrics, 8, 581461. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2020.581461 
Markutović, M. (2018). Utjecaj antropometrijskih značajki na motoričke sposobnosti (Diplomski rad). Zagreb. Učiteljski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. https://repozitorij.ufzg.unizg.hr/islandora/object/ufzg%3A899/datastream/PDF/view
Abdominal Muscle strength & its correlation with the BMI (Body Mass Index) – A survey in medical students. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Abdominal-Muscle-strength-%26-its-correlation-with-%E2%80%93-Motka-Shah/39b250e5f6b885a523ea71fe97d7c9db2463828d#paper-header
Mračević, K. (2020). Utjecaj BMI-A i potkožnog masnog tkiva na mišićnu snagu fleksora trupa i fleksora ruku kod djece osnovnoškolskog uzrasta (Diplomski rad). Rijeka. Fakultet zdravstvenih studija Sveučilišta u Rijeci. https://repository.fzsri.uniri.hr/islandora/object/fzsri:1017/datastream/PDF/download
Neljak, B., Novak, D., Sporiš, G., Visković, S., Markuš, D. (2011). Metodologija vrjednovanja kinantropoloških obilježja učenika u tjelesnoj i zdravstvenoj kulturi CRO-FIT NORME. Zagreb: Kineziološki fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu.
Nunes S.F.J., Izar M.G.M.M., de Maio G.F.J.R. (2017). Associations between the body mass index and agility in children and adolescents. Rev Cub Med Mil . 46(4):361-371. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322741125_Associations_between_the_body_mass_index_
and_agility_in_children_and_adolescents
 
Ortega, F. B., Ruiz, J. R., Castillo, M. J., Sjöström, M. (2008). Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health. International journal of obesity32(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803774
PMid:18043605
K. (2021). Influence of body mass indeks percentile on abdominal muscular strenght and endurance among late adolescents. Türk Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation. 32. 2651-4451. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356195200_INFLUENCE_OF_BODY_MASS_INDEX_PERCENTILE_
ON_ABDOMINAL_MUSCULAR_STRENGTH_ANDENDURANCE_AMONG_LATE_ADOLESCENTS

Pliva zdravlje (2022). BMI kalkulator za djecu i adolescente. Preuzeto sa: https://www.plivazdravlje.hr/zdravlje-online/bmi-za-djecu , dana 23.3.2022.
Prskalo, I. (2004). Osnove kineziologije : udžbenik za studente učiteljskih škola. Petrinja: Visoka učiteljska škola.
Puciato, D., Mynarski, W., Rozpara, M., Borysiuk, Z., Szyguła, R. (2011). Motor development of children and adolescents aged 8-16 years in view of their somatic build and objective quality of life of their families. Journal of human kinetics, 28, 45–53. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-011-0021-1
PMid:23486725 PMCid:PMC3592105
Rah, J.H., Chalasani, S., Oddo, V. M., Sethi, V. (2017). Adolescent Health and Nutrition. Nutrition and Health in a Developing World , pp 559-577. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43739-2_25 
Rankin, J., Matthews, L., Cobley, S., Han, A., Sanders, R., Wiltshire, H. D., Baker, J. S. (2016). Psychological consequences of childhood obesity: psychiatric comorbidity and prevention. Adolescent health, medicine and therapeutics, 7, 125–146. https://doi.org/10.2147/ahmt.s101631  PMid:27881930 PMCid:PMC5115694
Robinson, L. E., Stodden, D. F., Barnett, L. M., Lopes, V. P., Logan, S. W., Rodrigues, L. P., D'Hondt, E. (2015). Motor Competence and its Effect on Positive Developmental Trajectories of Health. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 45(9), 1273–1284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0351-6  PMid:26201678
Sahoo, K., Sahoo, B., Choudhury, A. K., Sofi, N. Y., Kumar, R., Bhadoria, A. S. (2015). Childhood obesity: causes and consequences. Journal of family medicine and primary care4(2), 187–192. https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.154628 PMid:25949965 PMCid:PMC4408699
Šuk, I. (2019). Povezanost kinantropoloških obilježja i razine tjelesne aktivnosti kod desetogodišnjih učenika (Diplomski rad). Zagreb. Učiteljski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. https://zir.nsk.hr/islandora/object/ufzg%3A1181/datastream/PDF/view 
Topçu, S., Orhon, F. Ş., Tayfun, M., Uçaktürk, S. A., Demirel, F. (2016). Anxiety, depression and self-esteem levels in obese children: a case-control study. Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM29(3), 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2015-0254 PMid:26565543
Valdivia, O.D., Cañada, M.A., Ortega, F.Z., Rodriguez, J., Sánchez, M.F. (2009). Changes in flexibility according to gender and educational stage. Apunts. Medicina De L'esport, 44, 10-17. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/39044318.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/S1886-6581(09)70103-3
WHO – World Health Organization (2022). Growth reference data for 5 to 19 years. Preuzeto sa: https://www.who.int/tools/growth-reference-data-for-5to19-years/indicators/bmi-for-age , dana 23.3.2022.
Witchel, S. F., Burghard, A. C., Tao, R. H., Oberfield, S. E. (2019). The diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in adolescents: an update. Current opinion in pediatrics, 31(4), 562–5 https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000000778
PMid:31299022
World Health Organization (2022). Growth reference data for 5 to 19 years. Indicators of cut-offs. https://www.who.int/tools/growth-reference-data-for-5to19-years/indicators/bmi-for-age . Pristupljeno 2. ožujka 2022.
Youdas, J. W., Krause, D. A., Hollman, J. H., Harmsen, W. S., Laskowski, E. (2005). The influence of gender and age on hamstring muscle length in healthy adults. The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, 35(4), 246–252. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2005.1428 https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2005.35.4.246 PMid:15901126

To cite this article:
Martinčević, I., Žigić, N., Mraz, I., & Sedlar, N. (2022). The relationship of body mass index and motor abilities of eight grade students. Sportlogia, 18 (1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.5550/sgia.221801.mzms

.

Received:  09.08.2022.
Approved: 01.09.2022.

Correspondence:
Ivana Martinčević, Prof. senior lecturer
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Textile Technology; Zagreb, Croatia,
E-mail: ivana.martincevic@kif.unizg.hr